中国经典短篇历史故事100篇中的曹操倾慕大小乔之谜反复探寻

曹操（155-220年），亦称魏武帝。字孟德，小名阿瞒，出生于谯县（今安徽亳县）。东汉末期，他在黄巾起义中逐步扩展军事力量。初平三年，他占据了兖州，建安元年，他迎接献帝回到许昌后，用他的名义发号施令，先后消灭了吕布等割据势力的威胁。在官渡之战中，大败袁绍之后，他逐渐统一了北方的华北地区。建安十三年，他被封为丞相，并率领军队南下，但遭到了孙权和刘备联军在赤壁的击败。他被封为魏王，其子曹丕继位称帝，将他追尊为武帝。

三国时期，曹操想要吞并东吴，而诸葛亮奉命到达江东劝说孙权联合抗衡曹操。周瑜是东吴的重要人物，以此来说服周瑜，诸葛亮提出了一个计策：“我有一计，不必牵羊担酒、纳土献印，也不必亲自渡江；只要派一名使者送两个人到江北给曹操，百万大军就会卷旗卸甲而退。”周瑜问：“用哪两个人？”诸葛亮回答：“我听说过，在隆中时就听闻曹操新建了一座‘铜雀台’，并广收天下的美女，其中包括两个美丽如同鱼儿般跳跃、如同月光般闭锁花朵的女子，从乔公家来的长女大乔和次女小乔。大乔与孙伯符成婚，小乔则嫁给了周瑜。这两个女子曾经被送入铜雀台，以供乐观晚年的享受。”

这段情节出现在罗贯中的小说《三国演义》中，是为了强调曹操对二乔美色所产生的情感欲望。但这种描述并不准确，因为赤壁之战发生在建安十三年，而铜雀台是在十五年建立，这不足以证明“春深锁二乔”。原赋中的“连二桥于东西兮，如长空虾蝾”，被改成了“揽二乔于东南兮，如朝夕共”，纯属文学虚构。不过，如果要谈论三国时期的美人，无人不知“江东二乔”的名字。

史书记载关于江东二人的记载极少。在陈寿撰写的《三国志》中记载道：“孙策亲自迎请周瑜，被授予建威中郎将及兵千余人、骑五十匹。当时人们都称呼他为周郎。在庐江-area he was known for his kindness and trustworthiness. He led troops to prepare against the enemy at牛渚 later, and then he was appointed as the middle protector of Jiangxia and leader of Jiangxia County, tasked with attacking皖城. In this campaign, he captured it. At that time, he obtained two daughters from 乌地 (Udi) who were both renowned beauties in the land. Sun Ce took Big Sister as his wife while Little Sister married into the 周氏 family.”

Han Dynasty's Jian'an era saw Sun Ce obtain 3,000 soldiers from Yuan Shao before returning to Jiangdong to restore his family's power under the support of old friend Zhou Yu by capturing Wan city in a single attack. The area east of Wan city is a village surrounded by streams called "Zhou Gong's residence" or "Zhou Gong's old house", where Zhou Gong had lived with his two beautiful daughters known throughout the region for their beauty and intelligence.

The story goes that after inviting an emissary from Sun Ce, they managed to secure permission from Zhou Gong to send over one pair of sisters - thus began the tale of how Big Sister became Sun Ce's wife while Little Sister married into Zhou Yu’s household.

In Zhou Gong's backyard lies an ancient well whose water is crystal clear and deep; according to legend it was here where Big Sister & Little Sister would often bathe & dress themselves - truly fit for royalty.